Information Architecure Resources
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References to other resources on the Web

This is a list of other Web resources that deal with subjects of interest to information architects. This list is maintained and updated as we become aware of other sites.

[Example Architectures] [Supporting Technologies] [Researchers and Writers]
[Papers on Architecture] [Other Interesting Sites]  [Architecture Consultants and Vendors][Books on Architecture] [Conferences]

Example Architectures

The CALS program
CALS (Continuous Acquisition and Life-Cycle Support) was an overall information architecture for cooperation throughout the defense industry.  
remains a keystone of the Navy's process improvement efforts.
 
The Department of Energy's Information Architecture
This program has been underway since 1995. As you can see the target architecture functionality has taken 2 1/2 years
From Vol III Chapter 4 - Guidance
 
Federal Enterprise Architecture
The first version of this Architecture was delivered in 1999 The current version is maintained at FEAPMO.
DISA — The Defense Information System Agency
DISA has a number of large system engineering programs with a strong architectural content such as the Defense Information Infrastructure–Common Operating Environment and Global Command and Control Systems
 
Evolutionary Design of Complex Systems
A DARPA program that is looking at reducing the cost of maintaining systems as a strategy for extending the life of military platforms such as mainframes. Still in its formative stages the program has attracted an interesting range of projects that target areas that should be interesting to anyone responsible for maintaining mission critical systems in corporations.
One interesting technology is adaptive programing, designing frameworks for evolving applications.  The Demeter site describes one technology implemented in Java and has links to descriptions of projects employing the technology.
 
The San Francisco Project
This is an IBM project that is setting out to create standardised business objects to be used by third party software houses developing vertical-industry products. The project is using Java to support platform independence. For a good summary of the project see "IBM's San Francisco Project" a report by D.H. Andrews group.
The Petroleum Open Software Corporation

A not for profit consortium that looks at issues of data sharing in the petroleum industry. At this site you will find an overview of the Epicentre Logical Data Model.

http://www.august.com/epicentre is a nice beta viewer of the epicentre entity

MIA (Multi-vendor Integration Architecture)
MIA was a program of NTT to ensure

Supporting Technologies

Business Objects
Sponsored by the Object Object Management Group Business Objects Task Force is seeking to promote the interoperation of objects representing business processes. If you want more information try the OOPSLA96 Business Object Workshop home page. TI have an 80 page response (PDF format) to the Business Objects RFI.
Information Systems Effectiveness
A model for investigating the effectiveness of an organization's use of Information Systems.
Guidelines for technical requirements for a Parallel Processing or clustered environment
A set of guidelines for systems to run in the Nero environment at the University of Oregon. Include the use of self defining data format (SDDF) to capture and share event logs.
 
Records Management
The Department of Energy have a list of sites that have
 

Researchers and Writers

Mark Maier
Mark W. Maier is a systems architect/engineer with The Aerospace Corporation in Chantilly, VA.  He is the author (with Eberhardt Rechtin) of The Art of Systems Architecting, Second Edition, CRC Press, 2000 and many papers and articles
John A. Zachman
John Zachman is one of the developers of IBM's BSP methodology and the father of information systems architecture. 
 
Jaap Schekkerman
Jaap Schekkerman is the founder of IFEAD the Institute for Enterprise Architecture Developments based in the Netherlands.  he has written widely about Enterprise Architecture and maIntains an active site with many architecture related links.
 

Papers on Architecture

A Framework for Information Systems Architecture
The original 1987 paper by John Zachman from the IBM System Journal
What is Architectural Software Development
A paper by Larry Best of AMS
 
Enterprise Architecture An Overview
A paper from 1996 by Yogesh Malhotra of the BRINT Institute that is a good introduction to the original ideas behind the development of EA.
Business and Information Concepts
A paper by Jaap Schekkerman of IFEAD that presents another take on the high level architecture framework.
 
 

Architecture Consultants and Vendors

Enterprise Architects, Inc.
The consulting company founded by Seven Spewak the author of Enterprise Architecture Planning
 
Meta Group
Meta have a practice area in Enterprise Architecture .  Meta is the sponsor of the DCI Enterprise Architecture  conferences.  They are also sponsors of Enterprise Architecture Community
The Zachman Institute for Framework Development
Delivers training and consulting in the Zachman Framework.

Other Interesting Sites

The Pattern Repository
A site devoted to the use of Patterns and Pattern languages in software design.
 
 

Books of Interest

[All the remarks here are the personal comments of Jon Blunt unless otherwise attributed.]

Analysis Patterns: Reusable Object Models by Martin Fowler, ISBN -0-201-89542-0
This is an excellent partner to the Design Patterns book. Fowler presents a series of patterns that present the essence of good domain modeling practices. The examples are based on models developed on real projects for paying clients, yet Fowler is able to talk about the abstract problems that are being addressed in a way that shows how the pattern he is describing will be relevant in many domains. That said it is not clear that the terminology in this book will enter the lexicon in quite the way the patterns of the GoF have.

 

Art of Strategic Planning for Information Technology by Bernard H. Boar

 
The Art of Systems Architecting by Eberhardt Rechtin & Mark W. Maier
ISBN 0-8493-7836-2
This book picks up where Systems Architecting finished. In comparison this book has a much richer set of models and talks more directly to the issues of large scale software engineering.

Building Enterprise Information Architecture: Reengineering Information Systems by Melissa Cook

 
Data Model Patterns: Conventions of Thought by David Hay Dover House ISBN 0-932633-29-3
David Hay presents avery rich view of abstract data modeling. His strong emphasis on abstracting types gets him very close to models that derive from the object paradigm. It is interesting to compare the models in this book with those in Fowler's book. My only hesitation is that this book presents a level of conceptualization that goes many steps beyond what is typical of data modelers.
Design Patterns by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, John Vlissides Addison Wesley
ISBN 0-201-63361-2
This is the most quoted book on software patterns and is trhe text that legitamized the concept. Strongly anchored in OOP, Gamma et al (often referred to as the Gang of Four, or GOF for short) show how problems that appear repeatedly in design can be addressed by distributing responsibility across cooperating objects. Most of the examples in the book are from C++ and some of the patterns are addressing specific issues in that family of languages.
Enterprise Architecture Planning: Developing a Blueprint for Data, Applications, and Technology by Steven H. Spevak, John Wiley ISBN 0471599859
A comprehensive approach to developing an architecture based upon the Zachman framework.   The methodology described is the basis of Spewak's consulting business and for his DCI course.
 
 
Practical Steps for Aligning Information Technology with Business Strategies by Bernard H. Boar
I cannot say that I enthuse about this book. Boar's treatment of the existing Information Architecture models is provocative. I tend to agree with him about the lack of intellectual rigor they present. His proposed model however is a very complex diagramming process that I feel becomes an obstacle to understanding the issues he presents.
The presentation of the alignment issues themselves is stronger. The writer makes a strong case for not ignoring the management and reward system for IS in solving this puzzle.
 
Pattern Languages of Program Design, edited by James O. Coplien and Douglas C. Schmidt
ISBN 0-201-60734-4
Based on papers presented at the first conference of Pattern Languages of Programs (PLoP) which took place in 1994.
 
A System of Patterns by Frank Buschmann, Regine Meunier, Hans Rohnert, Peter Sommerlad and Michael Stal
ISBN 0-471-95869-7
Pattern-oriented software architecture for large scale systems. This book attempts to do for systems what Gamma et al. do for components and interfaces. Unfortunately for me something gets lost. The material here seems less to be patterns than archetypes. I think it is a question of scale. Just reading the GoF book I can immediately see that the issues addressed in that book will occur on almost any system. With A System of Patterns, it is interesting to know what a Blackboard system is, but maybe I will never work on a system that needs that technique.
 
The Timeless Way of Building by Christopher Alexander, OUP, ISBN 0-19-502402-8
A Pattern Language by Christopher Alexander, OUP
The books that started the whole pattern movement. These books describe Alexander's view of the principles upon which architecture and regional planning should be based. A Pattern Language is interesting because it describes a hierarchy of patterns that cover magnitudes of scope from regional planning to room design. Nothing in the software pattern space yet approaches the audacity of this.
 

Conferences

 
Enterprise Architecture Conference
This program is offered several times a year in the US and Canada.  Check at the DCI site for details of the next scheduled event.
 
 
 

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